Reasons for the failure of the 1956
The Causes for the failure of the 1956 Constitution are complex. Before the abrogation of the 1956 Constitution, Pakistan was facing Political instability a large scale. The major reason for Political arbitrary was continuously changing PMs. From September 1956 to October 1958, Four Prime Ministers were altered. This shows the weakness of the parliamentary system & Democracy.
Chaudhary Muhammad Ali resigned due to a vote of no confidence; after that, Hussain Shaheed came as the new PM his era was the era of deadlock between two provinces on the issue of the electorate system. After him, I.I. Chundrigar held the office but resigned just after two months. Malik Feroz Khan held the PM office until the Martial law was imposed.
Causes for Failure of the Constitution:
We discuss five leading causes of the failure of the 1956 Constitution.
- Weak Political System/Parties:
The primary reason for the constitution’s failure is the weak political system. After Liaqat Ali assignation, the Muslim League didn’t have a political leadership to continue the legacy. In those days, there was not a single well-organized political party in the country. No political parties were made and dissolved within a night. There was no rule for floor crossing.
- Incapable Political Parties
The working of democratic systems depends upon the appliance of party politics. Political parties represent the public view, but in those days, the role of political parties was not effective enough to deliver.
Political parties were not educating and making the opinion of the public.
- Socio-Economics Conflicts:
When Feroz Khan became PM, inflation peaked due to hoarding. This caused a partial distribution of wealth. Rich was getting more prosperous, and the poor were getting poorer.
So, we can say that socio-economic illogicalities also played a role in the failure of this constitution.
- Constitutional Matters:
Deadlock on the issue of Separate and joint elections between two provinces was also the cause of the failure; the framer of the Constitution failed to resolve this. This constitution introduced one house of legislation, which also became a cause for failure.
- Limitation of Provincial Autonomy
West Pakistan was made after four provinces were merged into one unit. Due to this step, the autonomy of the four provinces was abridged. This also became a cause for the failure of this constitution.
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